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United Kingdom

Britain's three main services are MI5 (domestic security), MI6, also known as SIS (foreign intelligence), and GCHQ (signals intelligence). Their records reach the public through National Archives releases, public inquiries, the Intelligence and Security Committee, the Investigatory Powers Tribunal and the European Court of Human Rights.

Agencies (3)

Most controversial (15)

Cases are listed newest first. “Alleged” and “Unknown” cases are claims, not findings. Where the same case also belongs to another section it is cross-listed.

VERIFIED 4 March 2018; Inquiry findings 4 December 2025Salisbury: Novichok, the OPCW and the Sturgess InquiryOpen case file →VERIFIED 2024Operation Kenova: the “Stakeknife” interim reportOpen case file →ALLEGED 13 January 2022MI5 interference alert on Christine Lee and the United FrontOpen case file →VERIFIED Seized 2004; apology 10 May 2018Belhaj and Boudchar: UK apology over Libya renditionOpen case file →VERIFIED Death 2006; report 21 January 2016Litvinenko Inquiry: polonium poisoning in LondonOpen case file →VERIFIED 6 July 2016Chilcot Inquiry on pre-war Iraq intelligenceOpen case file →VERIFIED 6 February 2015Investigatory Powers Tribunal: Liberty v GCHQOpen case file →VERIFIED 21 June 2013; Grand Chamber 25 May 2021GCHQ “Tempora” and the Big Brother Watch rulingOpen case file →VERIFIED Murder 12 February 1989; de Silva review 12 December 2012Patrick Finucane murder: Stevens and de Silva on collusionOpen case file →ALLEGED Death 2003; Hutton 28 January 2004; AG decision 9 June 2011Dr David Kelly: Hutton’s finding and the cover-up claimsOpen case file →VERIFIED 25 February 2004Katharine Gun: the GCHQ memo and the dropped prosecutionOpen case file →VERIFIED Shootings 6 March 1988; judgment 27 September 1995Gibraltar 1988: McCann v United KingdomOpen case file →ALLEGED Spycatcher claims; Panorama interview 13 October 1988Spycatcher and the alleged MI5 “Wilson plot”Open case file →VERIFIED 1930s recruitment; confessions 1963–64The Cambridge spies: confessions in MI5 filesOpen case file →VERIFIED 25 October 1924; Foreign Office study 1999The Zinoviev letterOpen case file →